yeah this is probably the most difficult round, sorry... I just didn't want to reuse the same old questions about Tudor kings and Roman emperors
The French empire one is quite difficult since there are a LOT of present-day countries that were, at some point, governed by France and none of them seem "obvious" (at least to me, anyway). The Ottoman one should be an easier "obvious" answer once you google where it was, though, I think.
The only question I felt iffy including was #4 because it was something that seemed obvious to me when I was writing it, but without knowing the name I was thinking of, I'd imagine is quite daunting